A brief discussion on the classification of industrial cameras in machine vision systems

 With the development of technology, industrial camerasAs the core component of the machine vision system, its importance to the machine vision system is self-evident. According to different classifications, industrial cameras are divided into many types. The following is a detailed introduction by the editor of Chengdu Xinxiwang:

1. Color camera, black and white camera:

The black-and-white camera directly converts the light intensity signal into the grayscale value of the image and generates a grayscale image; the color camera can obtain the light signals of the three components of red, green and blue in the scene and output a color image. Color cameras can provide more image information than black and white cameras. There are two main methods for realizing color cameras, prism spectroscopy and Bayer filtering. The prism spectroscopic color camera uses optical lenses to separate the R, G, and B components of the incident light, converts the light signals of the three colors into electrical signals on three sensors, and finally synthesizes the output digital signals to obtain the color image.

2.CCD camera, CMOS camera 

The main difference between chips is the way they convert light into electrical signals. For CCD sensors, light shines on the pixel, and the pixel generates charges. The charges are transmitted through a small number of output electrodes and converted into current, buffering, and signal output. For CMOS sensors, each pixel completes the conversion of charge to voltage by itself and generates a digital signal at the same time. 

3. Classified by target surface type: area scan camera, line scan camera 

Cameras are differentiated not only by sensor technology, but also by sensor architecture. There are two main sensor architectures: area scan and line scan. Area scan cameras are typically used where the output is displayed directly on a monitor. Line scan cameras are used for imaging continuously moving objects or where continuous high-resolution imaging is required. A natural application of line scan cameras is to image continuous products in still pictures (Web Inspection), such as textiles, paper, glass, steel plates, etc. At the same time, line scan cameras are also suitable for non-still image detection in the electronics industry. For example, German Kappa cameras can be divided into line array and area array according to their CCD specifications. 

4. Classified by output mode: analog cameras, digital cameras 

According to different camera data output modes, they are divided into analog cameras and digital cameras. Analog cameras output analog signals, and digital cameras output digital signals. Analog cameras and digital cameras can be further subdivided. For example, German Kappa cameras include according to data interface: USB 2.0 interface, EE 1394 a / Fire Wire, Camera Link interface, and Gigabit Ethernet interface. Analog cameras are divided into two types: progressive scan and interlaced scan. Interlaced scan cameras also include standard formats such as EIA, NTSC, CCIR, and PAL.